Nanotechnology is the science that includes manipulating atoms and
molecules to produce new materials with a variety of useful properties, many
of which have the potential to be extremely helpful in a wide range of
industries. The vanguard of nanotechnology's explosive development is
nanoparticles (NPs). These materials are outstanding and indispensable in
many facets of human endeavour due to their unique size-dependent
characteristics[1]. Iron serves as the foundation of existing infrastructure
because it is the most recent transition metal found in the Earth's crust [2].
Iron oxides are often common, frequently used because they are cheap, and
essential in many geological and biological processes. Humans also use them
extensively for things like haemoglobin, coatings, paints, and durable
pigments (used in coloured concrete and thermite)[3]. Magnetite (Fe3O4),
maghemite (-Fe2O3), and hematite (-Fe2O3) are the three types of iron
oxides that occur most frequently in nature.